What Causes Tooth Decay?

The human mouth is a hotbed of bacteria. Although this is normal and doesn’t make you sick, those bacteria can build up on the teeth and cause a sticky film called plaque. Once plaque develops, those same bacteria create acids that literally dissolve the minerals in the protective layer called enamel. Eventually, the acids can eat away the enamel and get into the underlayer (dentin) or nerve root, where they can cause an abscess.

What's the Connection Between Diet and Tooth Decay?

Your diet matters for two reasons. First, a healthy diet provides you with the nutrients to develop strong teeth. Your teeth are primarily composed of minerals like calcium which come from your diet. Second, some foods can actually promote tooth decay. Sugary foods and foods high in starch create plaque and provide food for the bacteria that cause tooth decay. Foods that are high in calcium (like cheese) or fiber (like apples, celery, and carrots) are nutritious and good for your oral health.

How Can I Prevent Tooth Decay?

You can help prevent tooth decay in several ways. First, make sure you're eating a healthy diet. Minimize consumption of sugary and starchy foods, or of soft drinks -- which contain sugar and acids that can damage teeth. Floss your teeth daily and brush twice a day. See your dentist for regular preventive care and check-ups.

How is Tooth Decay Treated?

Dentists prefer to prevent tooth decay if possible, with regular dental care and cleaning, and the use of sealants to protect the teeth. If treatment is necessary, however, a filling is the most common. After the administration of local anesthetic, the dentist drills out the decayed area and puts a filling in the resulting hole. Fillings can be made of metal alloys (mixes), ceramic/porcelain or a resin composite. The latter two can be color-matched to your natural teeth.